Nearly every household possesses one or more seemingly magical devices responsible for delivering internet connectivity. These devices can emit a Wi-Fi signal, and our desktop computers or TVs can connect to them through cables. Collectively, these devices are referred to as active network elements, encompassing modems, routers, switches, and access points. Many individuals find it challenging to distinguish between these elements. To alleviate this confusion, let’s delve into the specifics of each device and its distinct functionalities.